Algol 68 is a procedural language designed under the auspices of IFIP Working Group 2.1 as a successor to Algol 60. The language is formally defined in the Revised Report on the Algorithmic Language Algol 68 by A. van Wijngaarden et al using a VW (2 level) grammar. It is designed to be as orthogonal as possible and is block structured via the constructs: if - then - else - fi, case - in - out - esac, from - by - from - to - while - do. It is strongly typed with user definable modes and automatic de-referencing and coercion. Memory management is automatic, via garbage collection. Transput (I/O) is defined in the language and includes comprehensive formatting abilities. It did not gain widespread popularity, possibly due to the price/availability of compilers, or its perceived complexity. In some ways it was ahead of its time and some features have influenced subsequent languages such as C++.
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- 99 Bottles of Beer on the Wall Algol 68 version.
- Charles Lindsey's Home Page Algol 68S compilers for Sun3, Sun Sparc, Atari ST and Acorn Archimedes.
- A History of ALGOL 68 By C.H. Lindsey; ACM Digital Library, 1993, ISSN 0362-1340. Abstract of article from the Second ACM SIGPLAN Conference on History of Programming Languages, 1993. Full text for ACM members only.
- Algol 68 Genie Algol68G is a well featured Algol 68 implementation (interpreter) for Linux, BSD, and MacOS. Author: Marcel van der Veer. [Open source, GPL]
- An Introduction To Algol 68 The second ACM SIGPLAN conference on History of programming languages.
- Algol 68 to C Portable translator to allow compiling Algol 68 code, and some example Algol 68 programs in the same directory.
- Computer Engineering by Gordon Bell et al. A brief description of ALGOL 68 System implemented on Cm*.
- Marc's Programming Projects Unfinished project to write Algol 68 compiler; source code provided in CWEBx.
- Historic Documents in Computer Science Has scans of many Algol 68 documents including the RRE Algol 68R 'Green Book.'
- VanWijngaarden MR76.pdf A. vanWijngaarden's MR76 paper on the orthogonal design of a language from 1965, which was the starting point of Algol 68.
- Algol68 A synopsis of the features of Algol 68.
- The Algol Bulletin The historical IFIP WG2.1 series of Algol Bulletins. [Required ACM Web account]
- László Csirmaz There is an Algol 68 interpreter for DOS and Linux here.
- ALGOL 68 Growing article, with links to many related topics. [Wikipedia]
- Index of /pub/dick/Algol68 Dick Grune's Algol 68 directory with test sets, transput, and a Snobol interpreter.
- IFIP Working Group 2.1 The WG that developed the Algol languages.
- The Use of ALGOL 68 for Trees By H.D. Baecker; The Computer Journal, Volume 13, Issue 1, pp. 25-27. Abstract and text in PDF format.
- A comparison of PASCAL and ALGOL 68 Abstract and text in TIFF form from The Computer Journal, Volume 21, Issue 4, pp. 316-323.
- Practical experience with ALGOL 68-RT Abstract and text in PDF form from The Computer Journal, Volume 22, Issue 2, pp. 114-118.
- Programming denotational semantics II using Algol 68. Abstract and text in PDF form from The Computer Journal, Volume 28, Issue 5, pp. 480-486.
- An Experimental Testbed for Numerical Software, part 2: ALGOL 68 By M.A. Hennell, D, Hedley; The Computer Journal, Volume 22, Issue 1, pp. 53-56. Abstract and text in PDF format.